Top Programming Languages Used in the Meesho App

When we talk about modern Indian startups that have completely changed how people buy and sell online, Meesho often comes first. Launched with a simple idea of empowering resellers and small shopkeepers, it has today grown into one of the biggest social-commerce platforms in India. Millions of users interact with the app daily — browsing, ordering, making payments, and even running their businesses through it.

But here’s the real question: What’s happening behind the scenes? What are the programming languages powering this giant?

Just like Flipkart or Amazon, the Meesho app doesn’t run on one language alone. Instead, it uses a polyglot stack — different languages for different purposes. This is common in large-scale systems where one language is great for backend, another works best for machine learning, and another is unbeatable for frontend.

In this article, we’ll explore the top programming languages used in Meesho’s app, their role in different parts of the system, and why the company chose them.

1. Java — The Heart of Meesho’s Backend

If you open the hood of most large e-commerce platforms, you will almost always find Java running at the core. Meesho is no exception.

Why Java?

• Stability and maturity: Java has been around for decades, and its reliability makes it a top choice for handling critical functions like payments, catalog management, and order processing.
• Enterprise ecosystem: With frameworks like Spring Boot, Java allows developers to create scalable microservices.
• Performance at scale: When millions of users are placing orders at the same time, Java’s JVM (Java Virtual Machine) ensures smooth execution without major crashes.

Where Meesho uses it

• Processing orders and transactions
• Managing user accounts
• Handling backend logic for payments, offers, and delivery systems

In short, Java provides the backbone of stability that an e-commerce platform like Meesho simply cannot live without.

2. JavaScript & TypeScript — Frontend and Mobile Experience

Every time you open the Meesho app or its website, you are interacting with JavaScript or TypeScript.

Why JS and TS?

• Cross-platform compatibility: The same codebase can run on both Android and iOS with React Native.
• Speed of development: JavaScript’s ecosystem is huge, with libraries and frameworks that make UI development fast and reliable.
• TypeScript advantage: By adding type safety, TypeScript prevents errors in a large and fast-growing codebase.

Where Meesho uses it

• Frontend (Web app): React.js powers the sleek and responsive design of Meesho’s web platform.
• Mobile (App): React Native enables faster rollout of features across Android and iOS, which is crucial for millions of daily active users.

If Java is the brain of Meesho, then JavaScript/TypeScript is the face that users interact with.

3. Python — Machine Learning and Data Science

Today’s e-commerce apps aren’t just about showing products; they also recommend what you might like, predict demand, detect fraud, and personalize experiences. That’s where Python comes in.

Why Python?

• Machine Learning libraries: Python has powerful tools like TensorFlow, PyTorch, pandas, and scikit-learn.
• Data-friendly: With pandas and NumPy, Python makes it easy to analyze user behavior, sales trends, and inventory needs.
• MLOps: Meesho has even built its own ML infrastructure stack (called BharatMLStack) — most of this is powered by Python scripts.

Where Meesho uses it

• Recommending products to users
• Detecting fake sellers or fraudulent transactions
• Running data pipelines to understand trends
• Powering search and personalization features

In simple words, Python is the AI brain of Meesho.

4. Go (Golang) & Scala — High-Performance Services

While Java and Python cover most needs, there are some areas where speed and concurrency are everything. That’s where Meesho uses Go (Golang) and Scala.

Why Go?

• It handles concurrent requests extremely well, which is perfect for microservices.
• Lightweight and fast to deploy.

Why Scala?

• Scala integrates deeply with Apache Spark and Apache Flink, which are stream-processing engines.
• These tools are necessary for real-time data analytics — like tracking user behavior, sales, and inventory movement.

Together, Go and Scala give Meesho the high-performance edge required for big data and real-time workloads.

5. SQL, Cassandra, Redis, and Elasticsearch — Data Management

No app can work without databases, and Meesho uses a combination of SQL and NoSQL technologies.

SQL (MySQL/Postgres)

Used for transactional data — like recording an order, payment, or user detail.

Cassandra

Handles massive amounts of write-heavy data. For example, when thousands of people update their carts at once, Cassandra manages it smoothly.

Redis

Works as a cache to speed up responses. For example, if you search for “Kurtis” on Meesho, Redis helps fetch results faster by storing frequently used queries.

Elasticsearch

Used for search functionality. It allows users to find products quickly and supports filters like price range, popularity, and category.

This combination ensures Meesho’s database layer is both fast and reliable.

6. Communication Layer — gRPC & REST APIs

Meesho doesn’t run on one giant application. Instead, it uses microservices that talk to each other.

• gRPC + Protobuf: For fast, efficient communication between services.
• REST APIs: For external communication and integrations.

This makes the platform modular and flexible — new services can be added without breaking old ones.

Why Meesho Uses a Polyglot Stack

Instead of sticking to just one language, Meesho uses a mix. Here’s why:

1. Best tool for each job: Java for backend stability, Python for ML, JS/TS for frontend.
2. Scalability: Different languages scale better for different tasks.
3. Developer productivity: Teams can choose languages they are most comfortable with for specific projects.

This approach makes Meesho both fast-moving and future-ready.

Skills You Need If You Want to Work at Meesho

If you’re a developer dreaming of joining Meesho or building something similar, here’s your roadmap:

• Backend developer: Learn Java (Spring Boot), microservices, and databases.
• Frontend/mobile developer: Learn React.js, TypeScript, and React Native.
• Data/ML engineer: Master Python, ML libraries, and tools like Spark/Flink.
• DevOps/infra: Learn Docker, Kubernetes, and CI/CD tools.

This skillset covers almost everything Meesho engineers are working with today.

Final Thoughts

Meesho’s journey is an inspiration for Indian startups. But beyond the business model, what really makes it successful is the smart use of technology.

• Java keeps the backend rock-solid.
• JavaScript/TypeScript makes the app smooth and user-friendly.
• Python drives machine learning and personalization.
• Go/Scala handle concurrency and big data.
• SQL + NoSQL databases ensure speed and reliability.

Together, these languages form the digital backbone of Meesho.

For aspiring developers, understanding this polyglot approach is valuable. It shows that there’s no “one best language” — instead, the best apps in the world are built by using the right language for the right problem.